The Impact of Increased Literacy on Ballads and Chapbooks in Seventeent

The Impact of Increased Literacy on Ballads and Chapbooks in Seventeenth-Century England In seventeenth-century England, the ascent of well known instruction and education concurring with the mechanical innovation of printing, prompted the decrease in the making of ditties and in the significance of chapbooks. After England's Restoration period, cheap print was accessible in huge amounts because of new mechanical developments in the printing field. Chronicles got significant for family units on every single social level to claim and around 400,000 were imprinted during the 1660s yearly. Books of scriptures were additionally being imprinted in incredible sums, however not as much as chronicles because of the way that they didn't become out-dated. Right off the bat in the seventeenth-century England experienced a type of wonder similar to that marvel of the Great Rebuilding and is likely identified with it (9). This upsurgance of spending power empowered the yeomanry of the wide open to send their children to class. Liberated from the work power, these young men were instructed to peruse and compose. Fathers who were not as rich as the yeomen, still could send their children to class until they were of working age, around six or seven. These lower class young men were educated to peruse, however composing was instructed at a later age. This expansion in the measure of the populace that could peruse and compose was incredibly noteworthy, changing England from the fourteenth-century to the sixteenth century from a late medieval laborer society, to a general public wherein perusing and composing were utilized by more individuals, and on every single social scale, for instruction and diversion. Around 30% of men in the last 50% of the seventeenth-century were proficient. Sixty-five percent of the yeomen w... ...rich widow, holding up at a similar spot to experience the function with him (56). Local chapbooks were composed, with the characters talking in neighborhood lingos and typically taunting another district of England or an individual visiting from a remote nation. The ascent in proficiency and the lessening of printing costs that at the same time happened in the seventeenth century, had both negative and constructive outcomes on the financial structure of England. The oral custom of melodies, and the social network based on it, were lost. Proficiency brought self-instruction through books and amusement from chapbooks to several yeomen, ranch works, tradesmen, and some lower class poor. Work Cited Spufford, Margaret. Little Books and Pleasant Histories: Popular Fiction and its Readership in Seventeenth-Century England. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1981.

Stella McCartney free essay sample

Stella McCartney is a long-life vegan and a basic entitlements lobbyist, which is apparent in her plans as she doesn't utilize any calfskin or hide in her structures. Stella’s style is rich and ladylike, yet her style additionally includes influence dressing, with womens suits, solid coats and female unmentionables. Her structures center vigorously around stressing solid prints, for example, panther and flower. There is a female, student contact to her structures, as she incorporates loveheart prints and lips. A large number of her plans, for example, in the Spring 2014 assortment, have exceptionally firm structures, and the general outline for most plans, is pointed hardened shoulders, with a straight dress or jeans, similar to one long square shape. A few structures have an hourglass outline, as the skirt is more full and the midriff is meager, with solid shoulders. In this assortment, she utilizes profound mustards and dull tans, pale creams, and reds for the botanical structures, inconspicuous pinks and yellows, brilliant oranges, and blacks with dim greens and blues. We will compose a custom paper test on Stella McCartney or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Stella has utilized phony calfskins, weaved fleece, cotton/polyester, and glossy silks in this assortment. There is a scope of surfaces utilized in this assortment. The phony calfskins would have a rubbery surface and the print utilized on them would make an uneven surface, while the botanical cotton/polyester structures would be a delicate and smooth surface. The articles of clothing with prints would be smooth with an unpleasant surface where the print is, while her plans with applique and globules would be harsh and rough. Her plans are ‘ready to wear’ pieces of clothing for ladies, childrens dress, and underwear. Her unmentionables is exceptionally female and unimposing. The clothing and bras are revolved around mind boggling botanical trim that is exceptionally sheer and sensitive. Stella utilizes predominantly glossy silk and trim in structuring her undergarments range, and a few plans, for example, the bedwear, are produced using cotton and polyester. A significant number of her undergarments plans, are strong hues, for example, light pinks, apple greens and oranges, while others are shades, for example, pale metallic aquas. She obviously utilizes blacks and whites in her hotter undergarments and bedwear. The surfaces utilized in these plans incorporate a harsh surface for the ribbon structures, and a smooth surface in the plans produced using silk. The bed wear unmentionables would have a smooth cotton surface. 3. Interior Factors: Expertise: Stella made her first coat at age 16, on her sewing machine at home and at age 19, she turned into an assistant for Christian Lacroix, and began building her abilities working for her dads Savile Row Tailor for a couple of years. She moved on from Ravensbourne College of Design and Communication, and had her first graduation assortment subsequent to completing style structure at Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design. Her assortment was demonstrated by companions and supermodels at the graduation runway appear. Stella increased a large number of her mastery while working at French style house ‘Chloe’ and later increased an association with ‘Gucci’ where she propelled her own design house. Offices: In the beginning, Stella just made them sew machine as a youth, yet by the age 19 she was working in a studio for Christian Lacroix, which implied she approached a lot of greater gear and space, for example, mechanical sewing machines, overlockers, texture cutters and more excellent apparatuses, for example, irons and scissors. She propelled her own design house under her name in a joint endeavor with Gucci. She as of now works with the NRDC(Natural Resources Defense Council), and bringing in texture from factories in italy. Stella is situated in Haywards Heath, UK which she works from and has individuals working for her. She works in 17 detached stores in Paris’ Palais Royal, Barcelona’s Passeig de Gracia, Milan, Rome, Miama, Manhattan’s Soho, and LA’s West Hollywood. She presently disperses to more than 50 nations in forte shops and retail chains Money related: Stella was naturally introduced to the group of Beatles Bassist Paul McCartney, so she was at that point in an incredible budgetary circumstance. Her monetary circumstance blasted when she made headline news for her graduation assortment, and offered the whole assortment to Tokio, a London Boutique. In 2001, the organizations deals rose to 19 percent. Stella McCartneys company;s benefits expanded 0. 5 percent to ? 2. 9 million, which the companys all out deals rose to ? 21 Million. As Stella McCartneys brand grows around the world, her budgetary circumstance. Stella lives in a townhouse in West London, which she is selling for ? 2. 9 million, anyway it appears this cost is excessively high, as she needed to bring down the cost to ? 2. 5 million, in view of the absence of purchasers. Outside: Economic: Stella McCartney has taken an exceptionally solid natural position against the utilization of creature items in her style. Being raised as a veggie lover, she is emphatically against utilizing cowhide and hide, and executing creatures for style. Stella has confidence in moral creation of her materials, and she joined the Ethical Trading Initiative. She accepts that so as to create economical and moral design, there must be an improvement in the manner in which the material business fabricates textures. Stella collaborated with associations like the National Resources Defense Council on its Clean by Design Program, which manages working with individuals making the items, for example, the material plants. Stella doesn’t make her own textures, so she is constrained in the natural ranges available. She attempts to utilize natural textures and low-sway colors, yet a large number of the colors dont accomplish the ideal outcome. Stella created her own fragrance, and has a solid environmental position against testing on creatures, which implies she needed to combine up with an organization which was likewise not against testing on creatures. A significant number of stellas stores are likewise wind controlled, which additionally obviously speaks to her solid will to spare nature. Political: Through Stellas dress, she has a solid political explanation against issues like creature cold-bloodedness, slave work and securing the earth. Stella gives her perspectives on these points by utilizing natural textures, not made in sweatshops, and doesn't utilize cowhide or some other creature items. Political connections between European nations such an Italy stay stable which aids her creation and promoting of her Products. Political relations between the nations she has stores in are steady, for example, China. Social: There are numerous cultural effects on Stella. Her scope of apparel targets individuals in the public eye that have faith in feasible attire and moral treatment of creatures and individuals. She targets ladylike ladies who appreciate lavish things, without the blame of realizing a creatures been hurt, or the conditions been harmed. She utilizes counterfeit calfskin and hide to speak to her intended interest group, and furthermore utilizes common and maintainable textures to additionally target ladies who share indistinguishable convictions and morals from her. She allows ladies to feel great wearing her natural attire. She additionally gives another option, as certain individuals feel that so as to wear natural and reasonable apparel, there is just the alternative of loose hemp design. Stella has demonstrated that there is an approach to be both a la mode and feasible and has spoke to a wide assortment of youthful and elderly people ladies. Innovative: Technology has hugy affected Stella’s style profession. She as of late joined forces up with Adidas, and has made a voluminous Run coat that keeps you outside and preparing even in the harshest climate. This coat has a worked in Climaproof climate insurance which goes about as a hindrance in storm conditions. Internal heat level is upgraded with expanded breathability. New textures such Techfit are utilized in this outfit. Techfit is a body embracing tricot texture with polyurethane tape that form the body. This texture assists with holding stance and supports muscles, making it the ideal exercise outfit. New innovation is additionally utilized on the shoes, for example, an open-cell safeguard, and ‘Sprintframe’ innovation which is structure that take into consideration a lighter, more grounded shoe which keeps up ideal security. The utilization of the web has bigly affected Stella’s Fashion line as she can all inclusive sell items and show structures, increasing global achievement. Stella works with forefront sports execution innovation in the assembling of the adidas line. 4. Stella is regularly affected by current patterns in the public eye, for example, her utilization of pastel pinks in her Winter 2014 line. This pattern has affected her plans intensely, as the idea of girliness is evident all through this assortment. She fuses pastel hues, combined with female bloom examples to make the appearance of this pattern in the public arena. The pattern of ‘vintage’ in more youthful ladies has influenced stella, and this pattern is clear additionally in the ladylike blossom structures that speak to the vintage look. A conspicuous pattern that is a major piece of stellas assortments is the utilization of phony calfskin and hide, and not testing on or utilizing creatures in any case. Having economical garments that keeps going is likewise a major pattern as individuals become increasingly taught on the utilization and production of certain unreasonable textures and our gathering land fills. This pattern anyway affects Stella’s assortment of texture she can utilize. In her Spring 2014 line, she utilizes textures that have panther prints on them and look like calfskin, anyway the texture utilized is a phony cowhide and no creatures were hurt in the production. Stella’s utilization of reasonable textures has additionally started a precedent in the style world for different fashioners to begin contemplating the results of their assembling on the common habitat. Her scent, is carefully no creature testing, which offers to a wide assortment of ladies, and further starting a precedent in the aroma business to

Whats College Life Really Like

Whats College Life Really Like That’s a question best answered by an actual college student! Heres what Zoe, a junior at Illinois, has to say: college college prep resources Illinois Admissions We're here for you as you prepare for college. Whether you're looking for guidance on the college search process or have questions about Illinois, we hope our blogs will help!

Essay about Vark Learning Style Analysis - 806 Words

Running head: V.A.R.K. LEARNING STYLE ANALYSIS V.A.R.K. Learning Style Analysis Grand Canyon University Family-Centered Health Promotion: NRS 429v Melanie Escobar, RN MSN March 11, 2012 V.A.R.K. Learning Style Analysis Introduction From the time of birth, individuals are constantly learning. Individual learning styles vary from person to person. It is essential to the education of the individual to learn the particular style of learning that best serves them. One particular analysis tool is the visual, aural, read/write, kinesthetic or V.A.R.K. tool (VARK, 2011). This tool allows the individual to identify their particular learning style which will better prepare them throughout their education. My Learning Style Upon†¦show more content†¦My Preferred Learning Strategies This student’s preferred learning strategy has always been that of the read/write category. She takes advantage of handouts, textbooks, and dictionaries when studying for quizzes and exams. She also prefers going to the library due to the atmosphere provided by this institution. To enhance learning the use of outlines and note cards have also been useful when studying. Visual aids accompanying the read/write category have been useful in obtaining good grades throughout advancement in education (VARK, 2011). Comparison of my Learning Strategy with the Preferred Learning Strategy This student’s preferred learning strategy compared to the learning strategy provided by V.A.R.K. is almost identical. The learning strategies that have been used throughout her education have always netted good results, which is evident by her grades. In the past other students have commented about her learning style and the amount of time spent on note taking, outlines, and writing out note cards, but she has perfected this process for her learning style. Changes in Study Habits After review of all learning strategies, some changes are needed to enhance learning of this student. More time needs to be spent using kinesthetic study strategies through hands on experimentation. She could also utilize the use of a recording device during classes, and then transcribe the lecture into theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Vark Learning Style Analysis1006 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: VARK LEARNING STYLE ANALYSIS VARK Learning Style Analysis Kathleen Nash Grand Canyon University NRS-429V, Family Centered Health Promotion July 22, 2012 VARK Learning Style Analysis The VARK learning preference tool provides individuals with information that they can utilize to enhance their learning process by helping them to study more effectively and efficiently. The VARK tool consists of a questionnaire that the learner takes to identify which senses the individualRead MoreVark Analysis Paper1109 Words   |  5 PagesVARK Analysis Paper Rebecca Rivera Grand Canyon University July 23, 2016 Abstract The acronym VARK stands for visual, aural, read and kinesthetic comprised if 16 question to analysis and gain a better understanding of personal learning styles (VARK a guide to learning styles, 2016). Understanding of personal learning style aids in the ability to teach others in a variety of styles to ensure that the learner has an understanding on new information. An analysis of an individual study willRead MoreAnalysis Paper : The Objective Of Learning1050 Words   |  5 PagesVARK Analysis Paper VARK Analysis Paper The objective of learning is to understand information intended to be learned. According to Brown (2000) learning styles is defined as the manner in which individuals perceive and process information in learning situations (Journal of Studies in Education, 2012). Depending on one s perspective, preferred learning styles help defined in multiple ways to get the most out of any learning or teaching experience. There are several ways to evaluate a person’sRead MoreVark Analysis Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesVARK Analysis VARK Analysis Family Health Promotion August 12, 2010 VARK Analysis There are several methods used to determine learning styles. â€Å"A learning style is, rather, a description of a process, or of preferences. Any inventory that encourages a learner to think about the way that he or she learns is a useful step towards understanding, and hence improving, learning† (Fleming, N., Baume, D., 2006, p.4). . One of the most commonly used learning styles is the Fleming VARK modelRead MoreVark Learning Styles807 Words   |  4 PagesLearning strategies and VARK analysis Dictionary.com defines a student as â€Å"a person formally engaged in learning† (Student, 2012). Students of any age know that comprehending and retaining information is essential to educational success. Just as every student had unique physical attributes, they also have unique learning styles in which they best retain new and important information. The VARK (Visual, Aural, Read/Write, and Kinesthetic) is a questionnaire that is given to help individual findRead MoreVark Learning Assessment1031 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: VARK VARK Personal Learning Preferences Analysis Grand Canyon University NRS 429v Family Centered Health Promotion 03-11-2012 America’s university population is both culturally and generationally diverse. Each student has his or her own unique approach and style of learning. These differences may not always mesh with the conventional educational methods practiced at the collegiate level. As the demographics of the collegiate population continue to changeRead MoreVark Analysis Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesVARK Analysis VARK Analysis April J. Bundy Grand Canyon University: 429V Family Health Promotions July 9, 2011 VARK Analysis VARK stands for visual, auditory, reading and writing and kinesthetic learners. When using VARK a person must understand that the questionnaire alerts people to the variety of different approaches to learning. It supports those who have been having difficulties with their learning and has particular applications in business, sport, training and education.Read MoreVARK analysis paper660 Words   |  3 Pageshave determined your preferred learning style, review the corresponding link to view your learning preference. Review the other learning styles: visual, aural, read/write, kinesthetic, and multimodal (listed on the VARK Questionnaire Results page). Compare your preferred learning strategies to the identified strategies for your preferred learning style. Appraise how this will change your way of studying, if any. In a paper (750-1,000 words), summarize your analysis of this exercise. Include theRead MoreThe Objective Of Learning Styles966 Words   |  4 PagesThe objective of learning is to understand information intended to be learned. According to Brown (2000) learning styles is defined as the manner in which individuals perceive and process information in learning situations (Journal of Studies in Education, 2012). Depending on one s perspective, preferred learning styles help defined in multiple ways to get the most out of any learning or teaching experience. There are several ways to evaluate a person’s learning style, preference, and strategiesRead MoreAnalysis Paper : Learning Styles786 Words   |  4 PagesVARK Analysis Paper VARK Learning Styles refer to a learning theory that differentiates individuals into learning groups. This theory became well known in the 1970s. It is used in identifying individual students learning capabilities. Each learning styles depends on cognitive, emotional, environmental factors and previous experience. Educators use the different learning style in classroom activities, curriculum, and assessments. The acronym for VARK stands for the following learning style: visual

The United States 9 / 11 Attacks On The Middle East And...

With the American people showing ever increasing interest in Muslims since the attacks on America, it was inevitable that this would change the way Muslims would be viewed in the United States. The 9/11 attacks - carried out by nineteen Islamic extremists - have no doubt changed how Muslim-Americans are perceived in this country, and those feelings have simmered for 15 years now. Even though a stigma against the Muslim American community had been growing in the US because of wars and conflicts, the attacks on the world trade centers in New york marked an era that ushered in mass stereotypes and disenfranchisement for Muslim Americans (Bakalian, Anny, and Mehdi Bozorgmehr). According to Mehdi Bozorgmehr and Anny Bakalian, an Associate Director and Mehdi Bozorgmehr is Co-Director of the Middle East and Middle Eastern American Center at the Graduate Center, immigrants from the Middle East are familiar with stereotypes and discrimination in the United States. In backlash 9 ⠁„ 11, th ey examined the harassment, discrimination, and hate crimes committed by individuals against members of the targeted communities or people who look ‘‘Middle Eastern.’’Islam has established a niche in America. Estimates vary, but there are about 4 million Muslims in the United States and Canada. Although a major portion of this community is made up of immigrants, there has been a steady increase in the number of Americans accepting Islam (History of Islam). According to Karine Walther, an AssistantShow MoreRelatedTerrorism Is An Act Of Violent Protest1567 Words   |  7 Pagestragedy of 9/11. The United States has endured the spread of infectious diseases, civil battles, and minor bomb threats and attacks; however, in most citizens’ eyes, nothing compares to the catastrophe of 9/11. From the unjust prejudice gestures of Americans towards Middle Eastern ethnicities to the advancements in security, it can be established that the events of 9/11 have be en the result of a major â€Å"terrorist† attack that has had lasting effects on America. On Tuesday, September 11, 2001, withRead MoreSeptember 11 2001 : Revenge Against The Americans1202 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 11 2001, revenge against the Americans September 11, 2001, every American s nightmare. Remembered as one of the most horrendous and inconceivable hours every American underwent. Even today, the events that took place on this day affected every person in this world. Our way of life, our citizen was under attack. Thousand of lives were awfully ended by the attack. Although Al-Qaeda hated America, evidence prove it was a revenge to the American people and not a Holy war. While these attacks willRead MoreThe Roots of the Terrorist Attacks of 9/111175 Words   |  5 Pagesthe 9/11 terrorist attacks are rooted deeper than most Americans realize. The trail of historical events that led to this catastrophe are widely unknown. Many Americans believe that the war on terror began with the tragedy of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon and ended with the death of Osama Bin Laden, but in reality, the war on terror has a long and complicated history. This paper will explore the historical events that culminated in the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001Read MoreViolence Is A Quality And Characteristic Of Mankind1457 Words   |  6 Pagesthe 7th century just like any other religion like Christianity and Judaism. ISIS, al-Qaida, book Haram etc., are violent non-state terrorist actors who have used the name of Islam to justify their intolerable crimes and action around the world. Their actions are affecting more than 3billion of Muslim lives in today’s world? While international  terrorism  started before 9/11, terrorism association with Islam was often limited to the  Palestinian-Israeli conflict or other factor that did not associateRead MoreRacial Bias And The United States Essay1895 Words   |  8 Pageshe’s lived in the United States, and what were his religious affiliations all the while looking at him as if they already knew he was dangerous without even allowing him to prove them wrong. As I was watching their exchange, I realized that society does not truly accept Middle Eastern people and their culture. Ever since the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001, racial bias has become more prominent against Arabs and Muslims and as a born American citizen with a Middle Eastern heritage, this biasRead MoreNorth Tower Of The World Trade Center1148 Words   |  5 PagesOn September 11, 2001, at 8:45 AM, Eastern Time, American Airlines flight 111, headed from Boston smashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York. An hour later, a second plane crashed into the south tower at 550 miles an hour. The south tower only lasted 56 minutes, collapsing straight down, killing thousands of people, and creating a dust cloud that sent people scurrying for cover in the streets below. The north tower didn’t last much longer, also collapsing straight down, settingRead MoreEssay on Resentment towards Middle-Easterners after 9/111206 Words   |  5 PagesAircraft, a Boeing 767 flying out of Boston, Struck the North Tower of the World Trade Center at 0845 local time. The Second, another Boeing 767, struck the South Tower of the World Trade Center approximately eighteen (18) minutes later. As millions of Americans watched the events transpire on T.V. a third aircraft, a Boeing 757, collided with the Pentagon at approximately 0945 local. A fourth aircraft, United-Airlines Flight 93 out of Newark New Jersey, was hijacked. The passengers onboard attackedRead MoreSeptember 11th Will Be Remembered As The Most Painful And Unbelievable Days That Ever Happened? Essay1456 Words   |  6 Pagesever happened in the United States. Many people in the U.S was shocked and confused of what just happened. The day that changed the way people viewed life. This heartbreaking events surely affect very Americans, and certainly affect lots of people around the world. Many Americans had to live under a series of deadly terrorist acts. There were many victims were in airplanes and in offices. Thousands of lives were all of a sudden ended by upsetting acts of terror. The attacks had brought a seriouslyRead MoreThe World Trade Center, Flight 93 And The Conspiracies Surrounding 9 / 11 Essay1981 Words   |  8 Pages Pratt Institute The World Trade Center, Flight 93 and The Conspiracies Surrounding 9/11 Dana Weiss World Civilization II/CH 400 Jeffrey Surovell November 22, 2016 History has been defined time and time again by powerful people or groups shaping the social narrative of influential events. Made most famous by Winston Churchill, the notion of history being written by victors pays no more relevant context than the events surrounding the morning of September 11th, 2001Read MoreOral History Of The September 11, 2001 Attacks Essay1412 Words   |  6 PagesOral History of the September 11, 2001 Attacks The day September 11, 2001 stands out in the minds of all Americans, not only because it changed the course of history, but it affected the daily lives of America’s people. Whether they encountered the events first-hand in New York City, or they simply watched the iconic World Trade Center fall on television as the events unfolded, the assaults of 9/11 have left a permanent stain on the lives of America’s citizens. Individuals such as my father, Kurt

Ms. Valerie H Scott Free Essays

Leader as Communicator August 24, 2014 While reflecting on my life experiences and how they have shaped or influenced my behaviors and attitudes, I must refer back to the life experiences of Howard Schultz, because ironically we share the same values that were a result of our similar life experiences. My father died when I was 11 months old soon to turn a year, therefore, I was raised by my mother, who chose never to remarry out of concern for re two younger daughters me and my sister, Peggy, who is six years older than I. We have an older sister who had long be married and raising her own family. We will write a custom essay sample on Ms. Valerie H Scott or any similar topic only for you Order Now My mother is a single uneducated parent raising two girls alone doing the best that she could to â€Å"make ends meet. † She did domestic work in an orphanage home for years and later landed a Job in the dietary department of a local Nursing Home in our hometown as a cook. Needless to say, the monies that my mother earned were minimum and as a result we were always struggling financially. There was hardly enough money for the bare necessities such as food and the other basic needs that are required for daily survival. Always feeling put down because I had less than other children who I thought had it all, I became determined in my heart that if I was ever given an opportunity to make a difference in the world, that I would become a nurturer of humanity. I believe strongly in humanity and human relations and that every person should be treated with dignity and respect and I have diligently remained true to this core value that I have held in my heart for years. It is a guiding force in my life along with my relationship with Christ. Like Howard Schultz, I adopted the of never leaving anyone behind† which has become a motivating factor in the way that I purpose to treat every person that crosses my past in my Journey on this earth. I am compelled to help people see their value through the eyes of God and to embrace this reality as their true identity. According to Terry Pearce in Leading Out Loud, there is a rare group of people that are willing and able to communicate with others using the raw eternal of their own conviction. Clearly, these leaders were courageous enough to communicate authentically from the basis of their real values, whether they were giving speeches, advocating a cause, writing memos, or conversing informally (p. 18). He further adds in his article, Communicate from the Inside Out, â€Å"Discovering what matters is the first and most critical piece of leadership development. † According to Pearce by have an understanding of defining moments in one’s life facilitates an und erstanding of the values and experiences makes them care about their performance and the performance of the people they lead. How to cite Ms. Valerie H Scott, Papers

A Special Place I Called Home Essay Example For Students

A Special Place I Called Home Essay When I was nine years old, I was attracted to a house that my parents were buying. They lost it because of financial problems. It brought tears to my eyes when we moved. I will always remember the day we moved out. This house had everything I wanted. A big front and back yard that I enjoyed a lot. We had many family gatherings and cookouts. We stayed there for ten years. This house brings back so much memory. The hallway in the house was long, and was fun to run up and down it. The yard of the house gives me life when I use to be outside playing. The memories of this house will always remain in me. This house had three bedrooms and two bathrooms. My sister and I shared a bedroom, while my oldest sister had a bedroom to herself. It was fun sharing a room with my sister. My sister and I use to play dress up and do each other hair. We played video games together. At the time we had a Nintendo 64 and a Playstation System. On the Nintendo 64, my sister and I played a couple of games called Mario Kart 64 and Donkey Kong 64. Mario Kart 64 is a racing game that I played with my sister most of the time. I use to beat in most of the racing. I use to play the Donkey Kong game by myself. I played that when I wanted to be alone. On the Playstation, I loved playing a game called Crash Bandicoot 2: Cortex Strikes Back. This was a one player game that I played every day until I beat every level. I had all of the Crush Bandicoot game and beat all of them by myself. We had our own game system in our room. When I didn’t go outside I would sit and play video games. Sometimes my dad played with me; that was a lot of fun. My dad and I use to play basketball and football games on the Playstation. I was a daddy’s girl, and I was the spoiled brat. We used to have sleepovers on the weekend; that was a lot of fun. This house had a long hallway that I used to run up and down it playing. It had a large front and back yard that I loved playing in. We had a big pool and trampoline in the backyard. I enjoyed the water ball fights and water gun fights we use to have in the backyard. We had lots of cookouts and family gathering at this house. I enjoyed the many birthday parties I used to have. This house holds a lot of fun and laughter. I always played in and out the house with my friends. This house brought joy to me. One day, I was playing outside with my friends. My mother came to outside and said, its time to go. I replied, ok mom, but I want to stay home with my dad. She said, your dad has to go to work and your sister’s going too, so you have to go. I replied ok, and she let me play for a few more minutes before I had to come in and changed clothes. That day I just wanted to stay home and play in my yard. I loved playing in the yard. I was sad when we left the house, but I got over it though. I ended up getting ice cream after we left my uncle’s house. I was just ready to get back home to play with my friend in the yard. I was happy when we pulled up in the driveway. My friends was still outside playing in there yard. It made me happy to be back in my yard. I had lots of memories in this house. I enjoyed the yards, big pool and trampoline. My friends and I played in my yard every day. Sharing a room with my sister brought back memories. We played video games when we werent outside playing. We used to play in our room every day. I had so much fun and laughter in this house. I miss this house a lot. I will always remember the memories in this house.

Agent Orange Essays (1013 words) - Aftermath Of The Vietnam War

Agent Orange In 1962, the United States Military began to use a potentially toxic chemical known as Agent Orange. The toxic chemical was used a defoliant to destroy crops and eliminate ground cover during the Vietnam War. Vietnamese troops would hide underneath the thick forest and make it impossible for United States troops to spot them. So in 1962 the Army began using Agent Orange as a way of eliminating that problem. The government had very little knowledge about the deadly chemical but went ahead and used it anyway. They had no idea of the disastrous long-term effects that it would have on men, women and children. But the hardest group hit by the chemical was not Vietnamese civilians but United States troops. In 1962, Project Ranch Hand was being deployed all over Vietnam. The idea was to destroy the forest on the battle field and make it easier for the United States troops to see the Vietnamese soldiers. The term ?agent orange? was given to the chemical because of the bright orange canisters that it was stored in. (Online, Mar 27. 1999) The orange canisters were used to distinguish the chemicals in the warehouses so that they would not be confused with anything else. During the Vietnam War, 11.2 million gallons of Agent Orange were used as defoliants throughout Vietnam and Southeast Asia. (Online, lewispublishing, Mar 27. 1999) Approximately 2.6 million United States soldiers served in South Vietnam and nearby areas during the war. (Online, lewispublishing, Mar 27. 1999) As the planes would drop the massive amounts of Agent Orange onto Vietnam, United States soldiers would unknowingly walk to certain disaster. The deadly chemical affected everyone from ground troops to pilots to seamen. The hardest hit of course were the ground troops. In some cases the defoliant was dropped almost right on top of them while in the field. At that time they may have had some idea that it might be potentially hazardous but they were not certain. As the soldiers were carrying out their orders they would inevitably breathe in the toxic fumes. The chemical would be sprayed over huge areas sometimes in a 10-mile radius destroying everything in its path. Through out the Vietnam War soldiers were beginning to complain of severe medical problems. The army was not certain of the causes but believed them to be from the people of Vietnam or the surrounding areas. By 1968, the United States army had received an estimated 4,000 reports of unexplainable illnesses. Many scientists became suspicious and began to conduct experiments to find out the causes of these illnesses. They came up with many different explanations for the sicknesses but the most important one was Agent Orange. The United States Military heard the conclusions of the tests and in 1971 decided to discontinue the use of Agent Orange forever. Between the spring of 1962 and 1971, 19 million gallons of defoliant chemicals had been dropped all over Vietnam destroying millions upon millions of acres of forest and contaminating thousands of soldiers and civilians. (Isserman, America at War 89) The period between 1971 and 1974 was a disaster. Some 15,000 veterans filed reports of Agent Orange related illnesses. Some of the illnesses are as followed: chloracne, soft-tissue sarcoma, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's disease, acute peripheral neuropathy, subacute peripheral neuropathy, porohyria cutanea tarda (PCT), respiratory cancers (lung, larynx, trachea, broncus) and prostate cancer. (Bender + Dudley, The Vietnam War 157) The most common illnesses were the different types of cancer. More soldiers were diagnosed with the many types of cancers then any other illnesses. Vietnam Veterans are not required to prove exposure to Agent Orange. The VA just presumes that all military personnel who served within Vietnam were exposed to Agent Orange. (Online, Mar 29. 1999) Even though military personal were exposed to Agent Orange that does not mean they all contracted a disease at all. My father was in Vietnam as a helicopter pilot. He said that he saw Agent Orange being dropped almost everyday. He witnessed first hand the destruction that it caused on the forests and land. He did not come in direct contact with the chemical but he did see fellow soldiers come down with different diseases during his time. He's

Terrorism in Peru essays

Terrorism in Peru essays Peru has been plagued by terrorist groups for decades. Recent crackdowns under the leadership of President Alberto Fujimori reduced terror-related incidents and decreased the efficacy of previously prominent groups including the Shining Path and the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement: two of the most notorious and powerful Peruvian terrorist organizations. However, a 2002 car bomb near the United States embassy in the Peruvian capital has reignited fears of terrorist uprisings in the nation. Neither Shining Path nor Tupac Amaru has any known ties to al-Qaeda and their efforts and casualties remain primarily isolated to the nation of Peru. Moreover, Shining Path and Tupac Amaru remain ideologically opposed: the former is formed on Maoist communist principles whereas the latter retains ties to Cuban-style Marxist communism. Support for the terrorist organizations is weak within Peru, but their communist ideology appeals to many impoverished peasant farmers in rural regions of the natio n. One potential reason for the minimal but continual support for terrorist groups in Peru is their control of the drug trade; some of Perus farmers have profited from cooperation with black market interests. The staunch political and ideological differences between Shining Path and Tupac Amaru ensure the fragmentation of the Peruvian terrorist networks but fears of rebellion remain poignant political issues within the entire region. The American media might not rate the Peruvian groups as central targets in war on terror but any uprising could trigger concern. Militancy has been the hallmark of both Shining Path and Tupac Amaru, especially during the 1980s when their terrorist activities reached a peak. Together, the two groups have been responsible for tens of thousands of deaths and billions of dollars of property damages in Peru (Terrorism). Yet the Shining Path and Tupac Amaru differ significantly in their goals, their h...

History US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

History US - Essay Example By 1939, the US unemployment still exceeded 20%. The New Deal also raised taxes such that entrepreneurs became discouraged from investing more. As such, the New Deal failed to end the Great Economic Depression. When World War II started, America hesitated to join until 1942, when about 12 million soldiers were sent overseas to fight alongside the allies to defeat Adolf Hitler. Back home in the US, about 15 million people were employed in the manufacturing of military weapons, machines and equipment. Folsom (2010) and Bohanon (2012) agree that this is the most significant moment of the New Deal because it created more jobs than ever. Many Americans got employed either in the army or the military industry. This again provided an opportunity for production to increase in the US, hence boost the economy. Unfortunately, the produced weapons were not being used by civilians at home. They were sent overseas to be used in the war field. Even the soldiers themselves could not eat weapons. They needed bread, homes and sustainable jobs. On the other hand, taxes were still high such that what people earned could not suffice. As such, life still remained miserable and the quest to end the Economic Depr ession was far from reality. According to Folsom (2010), towards the end of the war, in 1944, President Roosevelt started preparing for the post war economic recovery. He drew his vision but died six months before the war ended and before he could implement his post-war America agenda. His successor, Harry Truman, wanted Roosevelt’s agenda implemented but the opposition (Congress) refused vehemently and opted for the opposite. Finally they agreed to totally deviate from the New Deal and adopt a totally new Recovery plan which included the following: no federal program for health care, no full-employment act; only limited federal housing; and no increase in minimum wage or social security benefits. Instead, the

Essentials for good customer service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Essentials for good customer service - Essay Example Listen to your customers carefully .There is nothing more exasperating than telling someone about your problem and what you require and then discover that he hasn't been paying attention and you will need to explain again. Let your customer know that you are listening by making the appropriate responses, such as saying 'Alright' and 'I understand' and suggesting how to solve the problem. Remember to make eye contact and listen with a genuine interest. Deal with complaints. No one likes to hear complaints but you should always try to solve it yourself instead of saying that you cannot assist him in anyway or sending him to the manager .Become an active listener and don't try to dominate the conversation, instead say "I apologize" and "I am sure we can find a solution to your problem." If you give the complaint your attention, you may be able to please him and position yourself to reap the benefits of good customer service such as creating good relations with people and improving your reputation as a skilled worker in your store. Make the information that your customers want easily available to them. When a customer comes to you with a query on an item, try to give him all the information verbally rather than handing him a brochure with all relevant information. People always prefer to shop at places where they can find their required items and necesarry information easily . Treat every customer like... Remember that satisfying customers is the main aim of your profession so treat them with importance and respect. Do not try to attach yourself personally to the customers but make then feel that they are valuable to you and to do that, you must believe it yourself and then put that belief into action. Whatever you do, don't interrupt the customer while he is speaking, this will make him feel offended. Incase you interrupt, apologize and ask them to continue. Take the extra step. For example, a customer approaches you and asks for a product, instead of just giving him the directions on where to find it by saying "You will find it in Aisle 5", go with him yourself and show him the desired product. You should wait and see if he has any queries or further needs and make sure it is the exact product that he truly requires. You can guide him to the product which best fits his description of the desired object. If you want to provide good customer service, make sure to do this. They may not ask you for this service, but customers notice this extra effort and will let others know about it. Throw in something extra. Provide you customer with free extra information while deciding on a product or give him directions on how to use it with polite and friendly gestures. People love to get more than they thought they were getting. These small gestures make a massive impact and are highly appreciated by the customer. He won't be able to think of any other place to go when he requires to buy something about which he is not very certain. Don't make things complicated for your customer. For instance, if your customer requires a certain item, don't make him talk to different salespersons in almost every aisle. By doing this, you are

Putin And Yeltsin Foreign Policy Applications Politics Essay

Putin And Yeltsin Foreign Policy Applications Politics Essay Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin who was the first President of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999 and Vladimir Putin who served as the second President of the Russian Federation from 2000 to 2008 had similarities and differences in their foreign policy implementations. Yeltsin was dealing with chaotic economic conditions and a decreasing public support and failing reforms inside, while his successor Putin benefited from economic rise, rising oil prices and successful domestic reforms. Different conjunctures had different reflections in the Russian foreign policy of the presidents. In this paper, firstly, I tried to describe the conditions that Putin and Yeltsin encountered, then I made a comparison between the two leader in their foreign policy applications. Background In 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed, Russia lost control over 5.3 million km2 of territory and 139 million citizens which included over 17% of the ethnic Russian population. Invaluable natural resources, historical and cultural sights, and some of the most advanced Soviet military infrastructure and equipment were also out of Moscows reach.  [1]  The world politics has turned to unipolarity from bipolarity. Russia was restricted with a shrinking economy and transition policies to free market economy. Moscow was in a disastrous chaotic economic situation after the collapse of communism. The Russian economy fell dramatically; experiencing goods shortages in 1991 and 2500% hyperin ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ation in 1992. In the 1990s, the dynamics of Russian foreign policies shifted considerably. In the Yeltsin era, Russia gradually withdrew from its global military and political role to focus its foreign policy on the transformation of the former superpower relationship with the United States and its relationship with Europe, and on the development of relations with the other states immediately on its borders.  [2]  But Russia lost the capacity to continue providing financial aids to the other states of the former Soviet Union and thus to maintain its economic attraction.  [3]  At the same time, there were NATO expansion and new European Union memberships were being made among nations of the former Soviet bloc in Eastern Europe. There was again the threat of dissolution of Russian territory. US led international investment started to get advantage of economic spaces in energy sector in the Caspian Basin in Central Asia. Russias economy deteriorated more badly when devolution occurred in 1998 . Russian energy power declined in the late 1980s and 1990s, due to low oil prices, the dislocations of the collapse of the USSR, and the privatization of many oil companies. Oil production decreased from 600 to 300 million tons per year between 1990 and 1995. However, Russias ample resources and extensive network of pipelines ensured that its petro-power was ready to re-emerge under President Putin.  [4]   After a noticeable decline under Yeltsin (starting from Gorbachev), the Putin era saw a resurgence of Russian power. Putin focused on recovery after a great economic depression. Russia, having the world largest energy resources, benefited positively from the increasing energy prices due to prevailing international concern about energy security, instability in the Middle East since 1999. This increase in prices gave great support to the Russian economy. Since 1999, Russias annual GDP growth was averaged between 6 and 7 percent. The government boasted a healthy budget surplus and record currency reserves.  [5]   Since 2000, having the advantage of improving economic power which was in chaotic condition in Yeltsin era, Putin started to use soft power to influence neighboring states to implement its regional policies and he also evaded from using its military power to ensure its geopolitical position. Russia has turned itself from a dead military superpower into a new energy superpower in Putin Era by using soft power. Energy revenues no longer supported a massive military-industrial complex as they did in the Soviet period. As Fiona Hill underlines, new oil wealth has been turned more into butter than guns. Russian natural gas, technology, culture, consumer goods, and job opportunities became a Russian power in Ukraine, the Caucasus, and Central Asia.  [6]  And energy-rich countries like Kazakhstan benefited from the same oil price increase as Russia. As Eurasian economies started to recover and grow, Russias neighbors began to look to it as a market for their exports.  [7]  Since then dependency on Russia grew increasingly. The emergence of new transnational threats to US and Western interests, especially terrorism emanating from Afghanistan and the Middle East, shifted international priorities. It was also evident that, with the notable exception of the three Baltic states, none of the other states of the former Soviet Union was likely to be a viable candidate for membership of either NATO or the EU in the near term.  [8]   Similarities in Foreign Policy Implementations Russia doesnt want world domination as it did in Soviet times, but plan to rebuild itself as a great power. Russian foreign policy implementation of both presidents is different from Soviet Era and Tsarist Era policies. For Moscow, in general Eurasian politics are no longer priority. Ideology doesnt exist and military power is hardly appealing. Multipolarity is a key concept of Russias foreign policy both in Yeltsin and Putin era, which aims to secure Russian position as a great power on the world arena and to help to keep the balance of power. Russia is a member of the Mediator Quartet for the Israel- Palestine conflict along with the United States, the United Nations and the EU, and it has become a participant in the six-nation talks concerning North Koreas nuclear programme with the USA, South Korea, China and Japan. Russia has participated in the G-8 summits since 1997, both in two era. Both presidents tried to utilize multipolar staretegy in their foreign policies. Russia both in Yeltsin era and especially in Putin era, gave special importance to the UN Security Council, where it has a veto right with other 4 powerful member countries in the world politics. Russia within this platform opposed to the invasion of Iraq which was brought to the table by United States. In addition, Russia accepted the US intervention in Afghanistan in 2001. Cooperation against terrorism with US in Afghanistan improved relations and contributed to the decision to accord Russia a seat on the G-8 and to create the NATO-Russia Council. In order to exert influence and be recognized as a major power, Putin, as Yeltsin before him, relies on so-called strategic partnerships with the most important western states, especially the United States, the only indisputable superpower in the world.  [9]  EU is the main trade partner of Russia. The EU states were Russias main trading partners, and some of them are quite dependent on Russian oil and gas. Russia prefers to develop relations with EU members separately, with Germany, France, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Italy, rather than as a group. In addition, although that Russia left the vision of Common European Home aiming to share common European values which was forwarded by Gorbachev, Europe is still the region where Russia wants to see itself. Judged by any criterion-level of political commitment, economic involvement, and security engagement, human and cultural contacts-Moscows world-view continues to be overwhelmingly Westerncentric.  [10]   Differences in Foreign Policy Implementations Yeltsin, during its presidency, was dealing with chaotic economic conditions and a decreasing public support and failing domestic reforms inside, while his successor Putin benefited from economic rise, rising oil prices and successful domestic reforms. Energy power set a big advantage both in domestic and foreign politics. Putin managed to use it as a foreign policy tool, while being experienced improvements in economies of Russia and Eurasian countries. In Yeltsin era, Russian interests were not purely aiming to enhance regional security but also to restore the post-Soviet space under Russian leadership. Knowing that it was beyond Moscows economic capacity, Yeltsin aimed to build common threat assessments as well as having strong mutual ties between Russia and individual countries. Russian actions during Yeltsin can be better understood as being opportunist. Putin was more pragmatic. Putin ceased to thinking of a new reintegrated Eurasia. Russia became a stronger actor in the international system but had no ambition to reassert itself as a Cold War global power. Putin put Russias sovereign interests as a priority in foreign policy. Putin was also more pragmatic in its assessment of threats than Yeltsin. For Putin, the key threats do not come from the United States, but from terrorist activities and those nations falling behind in economic development. Although the Kremlin is wary of US policies and intentions, it prefers engaging with Western partners rather than the balancing tactics implemented in Yeltsin era.  [11]   Putin gave more importance to the use of soft power in the near abroad which means using cooption rather than coercion in foreign policy. Soft power speaks to people and societies rather than governments and elites.  [12]  The absence of pro-Russian governments in Georgia, Ukraine and elsewhere, the task of mobilising ties amongst peoples, rather than with governments, is seen as especially important for preserving in ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence. This is a key lesson learned by the Kremlin from its defeat during the Orange Revolution in Ukraine.  [13]  Russia gave start to policies as a tool of soft power such as spreading of Russian mass media, fostering the use of Russian language, giving financial support to Russian diaspora, increasing economic interdependence and creation of a special department for Interregional and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries at the Kremlin. The Kremlin aimed to integrate Russia into regional structures and processes. Soft power which speaks to people and societies, rather than governments and elites can be divided into three components: political legitimacy, economic interdependence, and cultural values.  [14]  Relating political legitimacy aspect, Russia, in Putin era, was considerably more con ¬Ã‚ dent than the Russia of Boris Yeltsin.  [15]  According to the assessment of Economic Development and Trade Minister GermanGref, the GDP almost tripled from 1999 to 2005 and it continues to grow at the annual pace of 4 6%.  [16]   Putin conducted a marked Asianization of Russian foreign policy. Unlike Yeltsin, for whom Asia served mainly to counterbalance the United States, Putin has pursued closer relations with China, Japan, the Koreas, and the ASEAN member- states both for their own sake and as building blocks in a larger challenge to American unipolarity.  [17]  Ceasing the endeavors to integrate central Asia as a whole, gave importance to bilateral relations. Private sector was used as a soft power. On the February 2003 an agreement were made to create the Common Economic Space with Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine, to eliminate trade barriers and provide shared energy transport policies. In the security area, by the foundation of mutual security institution, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in 2010, Russia strengthened its counter terrorism and security policy in Central Asia with members countries China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. In addition to this, Russia signed an alliance treaty with Uzbekistan In November 2005, concering peace, security and stability in the region. In addition, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Armenia- created the Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) in 2003, with the aim of  ¬Ã‚ ghting terrorism in the area. The Kremlin stepped up efforts to integrate Russia into regional structures and processes. Bilateral strategic partnerships have been supplemented by membership of, or increasing interaction with, organizations such as APEC, the ASEAN Regional Forum, ASEAN, the East Asia Summit, and the Organization of Islamic Conference. In the area of economic interdependence, Putin increased its economic presence in the economies of the former Soviet republics. Russia participated in energy privatization in the former Soviet region, and as a result of bilateral negotiations, the Kremlin asserted control over the strategic property and transportation of the former republics. As a result of soft politics conducted by Putin, Turkmenistan has turned out to be an energy partner. Russia obtained the right to be the main electricity provider in Georgia. Russia obtained a nuclear power station and became main gas provider in Armenia. Finally, in the area of cultural values, Putin allocated more financial support for Russian diasporas in the post-Soviet area. For instance, in 2003, the government allocated R210 million towards this goal, and in 2004 such funds grew by 20%. Russia has devised the Russian language federal programme led by Lyudmila Putin, the presidents wife.  [18]   Conclusion Although that the two presidents faced with different conditions during their presidencies, both of them conducted a multilateral and multivectoral policy in the international relations. Their policies were without ideology and they didnt have any ambition of world domination as were in Soviet era. In Putin era, there was a more self-reliant and pragmatic Russia in the foreign policy, who got the benefit of Russian soft power more intensively.

Internet Connecting Point A to Point B Essay

How should an Internet connection be made for the current campus? Why did you select this option over the others? AT&T is the carrier providing service to the existing campus as well as the new campus. Examine the offerings for Internet access to select the one that should be used. (10 points) ST which is made by at&t is the most popular connector for multimode networks, like most buildings and campuses. It has a bayonet mount and a long cylindrical ferrule to hold the fiber. Most ferrules are ceramic, but some are metal or plastic. And because they are spring-loaded, you have to make sure they are seated properly. If you have high loss, reconnect them to see if it makes a difference. 2. How should the existing and new campus locations be connected to each other? (10 points) The Existing campus locations should be connected to each other via fiber optic cable. Fiber optic cables are less expensive, there is less signal degrading, Non-flammable, and last but not least extremely lightweight compares to the competitors. 3. Should the two locations share an Internet connection? (10 points) Yes. Paying for two separate internet connection methods would be pointless for this scenario. Sharing one connection is more cost effective. 4. Compare the advantages, disadvantages, and cost of fiber optic cable, 5 GHz wireless bridges, and free space optics as a means to interconnect the campus buildings to the IT wing of the Administration Building. (10 points) Fiber optic cable is more expensive of hardware and installation overall, but it is the fastest connection currently. Wireless bridges provide wireless connection, however if the proper precautions are not put into place there may be additional interference and signal loss. Free space  optics is perfect for smaller networks and cheap 5. What would be required to interconnect the existing campus and the new campus to each other using fiber optic cable laid within the hiking trail right of way? (10 points) Outdoor cables and enclosures such as Central tubes are definitely necessary.The central tube design consists of one Thermoplastic PBT buffer tube encasing individually colores fibers. These fibers are surrounded by gel for moisture resistance. The central buffer tube is also surrounded by water swellable fiberglass yarn for overall water resistance and added strength. 6. Examine the data shown on the DSL Line Utilization Report found in Doc Sharing. This is a typical bandwidth utilization report for ADSL line used to connect each building on the campus to the Internet. Keeping in mind that there are eight of these DSL lines connecting the campus buildings to the Internet will a higher speed connection be needed when these are consolidated into one connection? (10 points) Yes. A higher speed connection will be needed when everything is consolidated. The Utilization report shows bandwidth but doesn’t take into account the 8 lines. 7. If the two locations share an Internet connection will a single connection suffice for both sites? (10 points) It would be feasible but not comfortable or ideal. Ideally you would want one connection per site.

Eras of Policing

There are three specific periods of policing that the 19th and 20th centuries embraced: political era, reform era, and community era. During the political era (1840s-1930s) the functions of law enforcement were controlled by the local politicians. This era was characterized by five points–authority was coming only from politicians and the law, it was a very broad social service function, the organizational design was decentralized, law enforcement had a very intimate relationship with the community, and there was an increased usage of foot patrol.Authority from politicians posed a problem during this time. Since most of the power was given to politicians the selection of good law enforcement was not a priority. During this era law enforcement wore no type of uniform which made it difficult for citizens to recognize an officer when one was needed. The reform era (1930s-1980s) was the second era in law enforcement. The characteristics of this era recognized the authority coming from the law and professionalism.Crime control became the primary function which made for a more centralized, efficient organization. It also provided the community with a more professional agency that used preventive patrol measures and a more rapid response to crime. During this time a managed hierarchical pyramid of control was established for police officers. When specific problems rose law enforcement created special units to take care of these issues instead of using patrol officers. The third era of law enforcement is the community era (1980s-present).This era is characterized by the authority coming from the support of the community, law, and professionalism. A broad range of services provided a better hold on crime control in the community. Having a decentralized organization gave more authority to patrol officers and let them become more intimate with their community relationships. This era also increased the use of foot patrols and an increased knowledge of problem-solvin g. Law enforcement became more concerned over citizen satisfaction.

The Global Language Monitor ) - 942 Words

On average, around one thousand words are added to the dictionary every year (OxfordWords Blog). Another astonishing fact is that there are over one million words in the English language (The Global Language Monitor). This is difficult for me to fathom, considering my own vocabulary is a small fraction of this (to prove my point, I struggled to spell the word vocabulary, thank God for spell check). Anyways, to get to the point I’m trying to make, with all these words that are already in existence, how am I going to come up with my own unique word? Well, I am glad to report that I have an answer (due to the fact that this assignment is a big part of my grade and I would receive an F if I didn’t turn in something). I’ve decided that the best way to impart my knowledge unto you, my readers, is by providing a top notch definition for such a top notch word. And behind every creation is a muse, and I feel that my inspiration is key to understanding why my word deserves an entire paper about it. With that, let’s dive in with learning more about the word†¦ Psarian [puh-sair-ee-uhn] Noun 1) a person who gives warnings about many things or everything In a sentence â€Å"Sorry I’m late guys, my dad turned into a complete psarian when I told him we were going to the lake. The simple answer as to what caused my inspiration of this word came from a public service announcement I saw while watching television. Upon seeing the ad, I thought of those that made the ad and how much they must careShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Water Cycle And Our Everyday Lives Pld Level Targeted Essay984 Words   |  4 Pageswater cycle and the environment on humans. -Students will understand that -Students will identify each part of the water cycle. 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Hence, I was curious about the influences of globalization onRead MoreEssay about Convergence in Technology968 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology The concept of a â€Å"global village† or a united community around the world has only in these last few years become a concept widely thought of. However, it seems that the idea of a large-scale sharing of information has long been developing, whether intended or not. The tools of communication have long served a single purpose, that of transmitting information from people to people. Direct communication was long ago realised with sign language and speech, but when people spreadRead MoreWeek 2 Assignment Xuelian Li Essay898 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Bender March 13, 2015 United Kingdom Adopted IFRS IFRS is a set of accounting standards promulgated by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), an international standard-setting body based in London. It was designed as a common global language for business affairs so that company accounts are comparable and understandable across international boundaries (Ghosh, 2010). In June 2002, the European Union (EU) adopted an IAS Regulation requiring European companies listed in an EU/EuropeanRead MoreGlobalization Is Not New?1005 Words   |  5 Pagesa government’s military research project to communicate and share data. Today, internet has built a global information infrastructure, where people around the world can access and share information. Many world leaders believes that this interconnectedness would also bring friendship and cooperation. Albert Gore, the 45th Vice President of the United States, said in a speech, â€Å"Let us build a global community in which the people of neighbouring countries view each other n ot as potential enemies, butRead MoreThe Importance Of Short Term Intensive Language Courses On Reading And Writing Skills937 Words   |  4 Pageswith four skills of English language, especially vocabulary, grammar, speaking, and writing skills. Learners take six weeks intensive English Language course to improve their English proficiency. This language school’s fundamental goal is to help learners prepare in a global community. The reason I choose Mr. D’s intensive course for my observation report is that I would like to verify the effectiveness of short-term intensive language courses and delve into the language teaching approach and methods

Purchasing Argumentative Essay Writing Work Samples Oregon

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Essay about Greatness of Lyndon B. Johnson - 1162 Words

Greatness of LBJ Many Presidents over the years have shown greatness through their leadership. Each has shown this in their individual way. It takes the ability to deal with whatever may come up, as far as politics are concerned, and handle it with care. Also it takes making a difference in society instead of just settling for the United States being ok as it is. The extra step that some take, separates the normal from the great. Lyndon B. Johnson was one of the Presidents who stood out by taking the extra step. LBJ showed presidential greatness through passing groundbreaking legislation and improving society. To get a feel for how Lyndon Johnson came to achieve greatness, let us look at how his journey began. In 1908, Lyndon was born†¦show more content†¦Johnson’s first step after becoming president was to help the citizens of the U.S. and the world cope with the death of JFK. â€Å"American people actually were 190,000,000 dazed individuals; he had to give them that unity and confidence; he had to represent it to the world† (Wicker, 161). This was a great task for any man to take on and he did so with care. He showed compassion and provided comfort for the people, promising to continue the dreams Kennedy had and to make them become a way of life. These dreams caused most people to look up to Kennedy, and it turned him into a legend in the history books even though he did not accomplish all he had tried. To achieve what Kennedy had set out to do would take a great man, and a great man Johnson showed himself to be. He also â€Å"carefully honored the Kennedy legacyà ¢â‚¬ ¦and remained deeply respectful of JFK’s cabinet and top officials† (Schulman, 69). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The next steps in his greatness came out of his involvement in legislation. His biggest piece of legislation was the Great Society. His Great Society plan was similar to another â€Å"great† president FDR. LBJ had followed in FDR’s footsteps for years. He admired and carefully learned from him, but he wanted to do better than FDR and become history’s greatest president ever, and to truly make a difference in society. Through his efforts, he â€Å"revolutionized the relationship between theShow MoreRelatedLyndon Johnson s The Great Society924 Words   |  4 PagesOn 1964 Lyndon Baines Johnson delivered the speech, â€Å"The Great Society†. He traveled to Ann Arbor on May 22 to give his speech at the University of Michigan. Previously, Lyndon Johnson first mentioned â€Å"the great society† at the Ohio University. He stated, â€Å" And with your courage and with your compassion and your desire, we will build a Great Societ y. It is a Society where no child will go unfed, and no youngster will go unschooled,†(Remarks in Athens at Ohio University line 51-52). However, it Read MoreLydon B. Johnson: Of Greatness and Obscurity2231 Words   |  9 PagesLYNDON B. JOHNSON – OF GREATNESS AND OBSCURITY 2 Lyndon B. Johnson – Of Greatness and Obscurity I. Introduction II. Early Life III. Early-Political Career A. Campaigner B. â€Å"Little Congress† C. Marriage and Start of a Political Career III. Political Career A. House of Representatives B. Senate III. White House Years A. Vice President B. President Lyndon B. Johnson IV. Later Life Introduction Lyndon B. Johnson’s is a name that is rarely spoken today. He isRead MoreThe Kennedy And Lyndon B Johnson775 Words   |  4 Pagesohn F Kennedy and Lyndon B Johnson were thrown into the caldron of executive US politics on January 20th 1961 having been elected on a single presidential/vice presidential ticket. As progressive-liberals, their incumbency oversaw a period of substantial domestic and international change that has continued to shape America to this day. Historical assessments of each President are wide-ranging. Historians such as Robert Dallek, author of ‘J.F.K. - An Unfinished Life’, conclude that Kennedy’s premiershipRead MoreJfk s Assassination With The Soviet Union1702 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 22, 1963. John Fitzgerald Kennedy had not even served a full term of presidency yet, and was in the middle of campaigning for a second term, before his assassination took place. Near the beginning of JFK’s presidency, back in 1961, he saw greatness in the new generation to come in order to improve America. Kennedy wanted to create peace, discover new sciences, and end the ongoing feud with the Soviet Union. Once the famous president stated, â€Å" ...And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what yourRead MoreThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy1800 Words   |  8 Pageson November 22, 1963. John Fitzgerald Kennedy had not even served a full term of presidency when the assassination took place, and was in the middle of campaigning for a second term. Near the beginning of JFK’s presidency, back in 1961, he saw greatness in the new generation, as they were the key to improving America. Kennedy wanted to create peace, discover new sciences, and end the ongoing feud with the Soviet Union. Once the president famously stated, â€Å" ...And so, my fellow Americans: ask notRead More Vietnam War vs. Great Society Essay2136 Words   |  9 PagesVietnam War vs. Great Society Anonymous: [Johnson] had miscalculated: Even the richest and most powerful nation in the world could not do it all (qtd. in Turbulent Years: The 60s 36). Lyndon Baines Johnson is a president torn to pieces by war. He glows in the passage of bills benefiting American society. He is someone who has suffered through an entire generation of rebellious teens. What impact did LBJs foreign policies concerning Vietnam War have on American society? The Vietnam War reallyRead MoreAssassination Of John F. Kennedy1168 Words   |  5 Pageson November 22, 1963. John Fitzgerald Kennedy had not even served a full term of presidency when the assassination took place, and was in the middle of campaigning for a second term. Near the beginning of JFK’s presidency, back in 1961, he saw greatness in the new generation, as they were the key to improving America. Kennedy wanted to create peace, discover new sciences, and end the ongoing feud with the Soviet Union. Once the president famously stated, â€Å" ...And so, my fellow Americans: ask notRead MoreRichard M. Nixon And Lyndon B. Johnson1775 Words   |  8 PagesRichard M. Nixon and Lyndon B. Johnson were presidents during one of the most troubled periods in our American history. Both held on with significant social unrest and the question of whether to continue participation in the Vietnam War. Even though both Nixon and Johnson faced similar problems while in office, their s tyle and approach to problems was profoundly different. Even so, Johnson and Nixon shared a disposition to bluff the public and their fellow colleagues in order to pursue what theyRead MoreEssay about Biography of Thurgood Marshall1000 Words   |  4 PagesThurgood was appointed as the U.S second Circuit in 1961 for four years none of Marshall’s decision were overturned by the Supreme Court. Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Thurgood as the first black U.S solicitor general. Marshall won 14 of the 19 cases he argued before the Supreme Court for two years as solicitor. Marshall was nominated in 1967 by President Johnson to survive on the branch, the United States Supreme Court. Marshall was finally sworn in as a Supreme Court Justice on October 2, 1967, whichRead MoreUnited States Presidential Leadership Styles: Mid-Twentieth Century607 Words   |  2 Pagessuccessor, Lyndon B. Johnson, were blamed for the war in Vietnam and the Cuban missile crisis. Given that, according to Greenberg (2013) the adoration of Kennedy lives on to this day, however, puzzled historians note that he neither led the nation through war nor racked up a credible legislative record. Youth, good-looks grace and cool may explain the love affair our country had with him. His premature death by assassination, furthermore, allowed for sympathy painted by the speculation of greatness. When

Essay About A Christmas Carol By Charles Dickens Example For Students

Essay About A Christmas Carol By Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol combines a number of different elements to create the classic Christmas tale. A Christmas Carol combines many different ideas, which is one of the reasons that A Christmas Carol is a classic. This book introduced the concept of Christmas, as we now know it. The festivities, the food, the merriment, the joy and spirit of Christmas is brought out and made alive. This appeals to both old and young alike. As the basis of A Christmas Carol is to be a ghost story, this attracts people to the book as many love to be scared. Though the story is light hearted, there are subtle observations made by Charles Dickens of Victorian life and politics, in the form of satire. The Joy of Christmas Tradition. Before Dickens wrote A Christmas Carol, Christmas was not celebrated in the way that it is now; it was more or less thought of as just a religious affair. Dickens in a way reinvented the whole Christmas idea by describing ways in which we can celebrate, for example the Fezziwig parties. there were more dances, and there were forfeits, and more dances, and then there was cake Christmas comes alive with A Christmas Carol, it is described with frivolous antics, joyful doings and happy, good spirited people. The atmosphere seems to jump out at you as a hearty one. there was nothing very cheerful in the climate or town, and yet was there an air of cheerfulness abroad Food is described so well that we can picture every detail in our minds. Heaped up on the floor, to form a kind of throne, were turkeys, geese, game, poultry, brawn, great joints of meat Food and decorations are sometimes described in whole paragraphs. Dickens makes sure that his ideas are clear-cut; you know when hes describing happy ideas. Dickens felt that family plays an important role, especially at Christmas. This is shown by the Cratchit family and Fred, Scrooges nephew.

The importance of patriotism (aiguozhuyi) for Chinese intellectuals A study w.r.t. Confucian values, historical events and the idea of national humiliation Essay Example

The importance of patriotism (aiguozhuyi) for Chinese intellectuals: A study w.r.t. Confucian values, historical events and the idea of national humiliation Essay It is a widely acknowledged fact that Chinese society and its prevailing culture are closely linked to its unique conception of terms such as ‘nation’ and ‘patriotism’. Contributing to this uniqueness is the fact that Imperial China of the last five centuries had evaded attempts by European Imperial powers to fully colonize it. Barring the trade arrangements with leading superpowers of the imperial age and special cases such as Hong Kong, China had charted an independent course for itself, and to this extent its understanding of nationalism and patriotism are quite unique. The Japanese invasion and occupation of large tracts of North Eastern China during the Second World War had threatened this independence and compelled Chinese intellectuals to construct a new image and identity for the country and its people. It then becomes interesting to see what ideas and which intellectuals influenced the development of the brand of patriotism that is now recognized wi th the Chinese. The rest of this essay is an endeavor towards this end. Renowned sociologist and philosopher Jurgen Habermas’ coining of the term ‘constitutional patriotism’ (xianzheng aiguozhuyi) in reference to China, has had a big influence on Chinese intellectuals in the last few years. Under constitutional patriotism, â€Å"a kind of ethical bond would enable the citizens of complex societies to recognize themselves as members of their polity, a post-traditional community bound and motivated by the pursuit of equal justice under the law rather than by ethnic and cultural association† (Habermas, as quoted in Davies, 2007). While many Chinese intellectuals appreciated Habermas’ analysis and explanation of this brand of patriotism, he was not without his detractors. Among those who were critical of Habermas’ views were Xu Youyu, who reckoned that â€Å"this implicit nationalism is a flawed account of cultural pluralism: one that runs the risk of affirming all forms of difference-including fascist culture and id eas of slavery-at the expense of a properly universal conception of human rights† (Davies, 2007). Cao Weidong, on the other hand was more sympathetic toward Habermas’ conception. Hence opinion is divided among the Chinese intelligentsia on the validity and importance of Habermas’ analyses. We will write a custom essay sample on The importance of patriotism (aiguozhuyi) for Chinese intellectuals: A study w.r.t. Confucian values, historical events and the idea of national humiliation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The importance of patriotism (aiguozhuyi) for Chinese intellectuals: A study w.r.t. Confucian values, historical events and the idea of national humiliation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The importance of patriotism (aiguozhuyi) for Chinese intellectuals: A study w.r.t. Confucian values, historical events and the idea of national humiliation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A distinction has to be made between the two terms ‘patriotism’ and ‘nationalism’, as they are closely allied. The former is used more loosely in public discourse and it encapsulates feeling of solidarity and the emotion of belonging to a community at the individual level. In this way, patriotism is more of a personal expression of allegiance to a country and its people. Nationalism, on the other hand is a more arcane concept, which finds application in scholarly policy analysis. Here, the word is used to refer to the collective aspirations of members of an ethnic group (or its representatives) to achieve/maintain a status of legitimacy for their nation. But in the case of People’s Republic of China an overwhelming majority of the population belongs to the Han ethnic group and its leadership derives almost exclusively from this group (Fairbrother, 2003). In this context, patriotism and nationalism in China become interchangeable and come to represent the same set of aspirations and feelings. In the West, there are often misconceptions about what Chinese nationalism actually entails. But under the leadership of Hu Jintao and the neo-liberal economic policies he oversaw, a clearer picture of Chinese nationalism had emerged: â€Å"Watching from their offices in Beijing, the officials of Hu’s government exemplified the tradition of state nationalism, which has roots deep in the imperial past but today closely identifies the Chinese nation with the Communist state. The Chinese government officially expresses nationalist sentiment as aigu, which in Chinese means â€Å"loving the state,† or aiguozhuyi, which means â€Å"love and support for China,† a China that is always indistinguishable from the Communist state. State nationalism demands that citizens subordinate their individual interests to those of the state. And in its relations with foreign powers, China’s current rulers believe that the state must prudently balance nationalist imperatives against other objectives, particularly the overriding goal of economic modernization†. (Terrill, et. Al, 2005) With this brand of ‘state nationalism’ being the accepted norm, Chinese intellectuals of recent times have fostered the formation of national identity. And the idea of ‘national humiliation’ is an integral part of this process. In other words, influential Chinese thinkers â€Å"have delimited national culture, redefined group membership, recreated social hierarchy and rewritten history† (Gries, 2004). In this interpretive framework, the history of China is seen as a series of humiliating events that should be compensated for in the present. As early as 1840, Chinese scholar Fend Guifen referred to the intrusion of European powers in the affairs of the nation: â€Å"We are shamefully humiliated by the four [Western] nations, not because our climate, soil, or products are inferior, but actually because our people are inferior †¦ Our inferiority is not due to nature, it is inferiority due to ourselves. If it were inborn, it would be a shame, but a shame we could not do anything about. Since the inferiority is due to ourselves, it is still a greater shame, but a shame we can do something about.† (Gries, 2004) Although Guifen’s assessment might come across as being self-deprecating, it is not unusual for the time. Another important official of Imperial China, Kang Youwei, poignantly noted in his June 1898 memorandum to the throne that the subordinate role of women in Chinese society is a constant source of humiliation for him. Liang Qichao, a progressive scholar of the same era had written in his Travel Notes on the New Continent, that he â€Å"could only sigh and weep when I compare our nation with theirs [America]† (Terrill, et. al, 2005). Some intellectuals even lamented that their people’s fate is worser than that of blacks in America, who were liberated at the end of the Civil War. Hence, â€Å"The theme of humiliation, still pervasive in China today, emerged as a consciously constructed emotion during the second half of the nineteenth century, and was given an emotional content through a long and complex process of internalization and habituation. Humiliation implied a sense of collective responsibility. The causes of failure could be attributed to the nation’s lack of effort or ability, not to external factors independent of human will. It promoted voluntarist strategies of national revenge. Self-accusation completed the idea of causal attribution. The nation-race exacerbated the feeling of humiliation by accusing itself of failure† (Brook Frolic, 1997) At times though, the basis for fostering the feeling of humiliation is rather far-fetched. Renowned social thinker and translator of Western philosophical works Yan Fu has a rather paranoid vision of insecurity for the Chinese people. During the late nineteenth century when he lived, he was alerting his readership to the possibility of the Chinese race being destroyed by black, brown and white races. Following Yan Fu’s assessment of threat to the race, subsequent generations of Chinese intellectuals have played upon it and magnified it so that nationalist and patriotic feelings are consolidated in the collective Chinese psyche and totalitarian excesses are tolerated for this cause. For example, a contemporary legal scholar Yuan Hongbing from Beijing University had recently called for â€Å"a new heroism in order to save the fate of the race and for a totalitarian regime which would fuse the weak, ignorant and selfish individuals of the race into a powerful whole†¦only pu rification through blood and fire would provide a solution to China’s problems† (Yang, 2007).

Speak by Laurie Hale Anderson - Book Review

Speak by Laurie Hale Anderson - Book Review Speak by Laurie Halse Anderson is a multiple award winning book, but it is also listed by the American Library Association as one of the top 100 books challenged between 2000-2009. Every year several books are challenged and banned across the nation by individuals and organizations who believe the content of the books are inappropriate. In this review you will learn more about the book Speak, the challenges it has received, and what Laurie Halse Anderson  and others have to say about the issue of censorship.    Speak: The Story    Melinda Sardino is a fifteen year old sophomore whose life is dramatically and permanently changed the night she attends an end of summer party.   At the party Melinda is raped and calls the police, but doesn’t get the opportunity to report the crime. Her friends, thinking she called to bust the party, shun her and she becomes an outcast. Once vibrant, popular, and a good student, Melinda has become withdrawn and depressed. She avoids having to talk and doesn’t take care of her physical or mental health. All her grades start to slide, except her Art grade, and she begins to define herself by small acts of rebellion such as refusing to give an oral report and skipping school. Meanwhile, Melinda’s rapist, an older student, subtly taunts her at every opportunity. Melinda doesn’t reveal  the details of her experience  until one of her former friends begins to date the same boy who raped Melinda. In an attempt to warn her friend, Melinda writes an anonymous letter and then confronts the girl and explains what really happened at the party. Initially, the former friend refuses to believe Melinda and accuses her of jealousy, but later breaks up with the boy. Melinda is confronted by her rapist  who accuses her of destroying his reputation. He attempts to assault Melinda again, but this time she finds the power to speak and screams loudly enough to be heard by other students who are nearby.       Speak: The Controversy and the Censorship    Since its publication release in 1999 Speak has been challenged on its content about rape, sexual assault and suicidal thoughts. In September of 2010 one Missouri professor wanted the book banned from the Republic School District because he considered the two rape scenes â€Å"soft pornography.† His attack on the book elicited a media storm of responses including a statement from the author herself in which she defended her book. (Source: Laurie Halse Anderson’s Web site) The American Library Association listed Speak as number 60 in the top one hundred books to be banned or challenged between 2000 and 2009. Anderson knew when she wrote this story that it would be a controversial topic, but she is shocked whenever she reads about a challenge to  her book. She writes that Speak is about the emotional trauma suffered by a teen after a sexual assault and is not soft pornography. (Source: Laurie Halse Andersons Web site) In addition to Andersons defense of her book, her publishing company, Penguin Young Readers Group, placed a full page ad in the New York Times to support the author and her book. Penguin spokeswoman  Shanta Newlin stated, That such a decorated book could be challenged is disturbing.  (Source: Publishers Weekly Web site)    Speak: Laurie Halse Anderson and Censorship    Anderson reveals in many interviews that the idea for Speak came to her in a nightmare. In her nightmare a girl is sobbing, but Anderson did not know the reason until she started to write. As she wrote the voice of Melinda took shape and  began to speak.  Anderson felt compelled to tell Melindas story. With the success of her book (a National Award finalist and a Printz Honor Award) came the backlash of controversy and censorship. Anderson was stunned, but found herself in a new position to speak out against censorship. States Anderson, â€Å"Censoring books that deal with difficult, adolescent issues does not protect anybody. It leaves kids in the darkness and makes them vulnerable. Censorship is the child of fear and the father of ignorance. Our children cannot afford to have the truth of the world withheld from them.† (Source:  Banned Books Blog) Anderson devotes a portion of her website to censorship issues and specifically addresses the challenges to her book Speak. She argues in defense of educating others about sexual assault and lists frightening statistics about young women who have been raped. (Source: Laurie Halse Andersons Web Site) Anderson is actively involved in national groups that battle censorship and book banning such as the ABFFE (American Booksellers for Free Expression), the National Coalition Against Censorship, and the Freedom to Read Foundation.    Speak: My Recommendation    Speak is a novel about empowerment and it is a book that every teen, especially teen girls, should read. There is a time to be quiet and a time to speak out, and on the issue of sexual assault, a young woman needs to find the courage to raise her voice and ask for help. This is the underlying message of Speak and the message Laurie Halse Anderson is trying to convey to her readers. It must be made clear that Melindas rape scene is a flashback and there are no graphic details, but implications. The novel is focused on the emotional impact of the act, and not the act itself. By writing Speak and defending its right to voice an issue, Anderson has opened the door for other authors  to write about real teen issues. Not only does this book deal with a contemporary teen issue, but its an authentic reproduction of the teen voice. Anderson deftly captures the high school experience and understands the teen view of cliques and what it feels like to be an outcast. I grappled with the age recommendations for some time because this is such an important book that needs to be read.  Its a powerful book for discussion and 12 is an age when girls are changing physically and socially. However, I realize that because of the mature content, every 12 year old may not be ready for the book. Consequently, I recommend it for ages 14-18 and, in addition, for those 12 and 13 year olds with the maturity to handle the topic. The publishers recommended ages for this book is 12 and up. (Speak, 2006.  ISBN: 9780142407325)